University of Tulsa Admissions ACT, Acceptance Rate...

International Student Program For International Students

As an international student planning to study abroad, you should always evaluate the amount of money you’ll need to complete your program in the foreign country you plan to study. Then you will have to research and apply for scholarships, school financial aid for international students from the school, and try and find money from other sources, including family funds. After exhausting these avenues, most international students still have a funding gap, and that s where international student education loans are to be considered. What is an International Student Loan? Federal education loans are well-known by US students studying in the USA, but they are unavailable to international students. Instead, international students meet the criteria for international school loans, which is a specialized private education loans available to international students studying in places like U.K, Australia or U.S.A. International Student Loans are now a very realistic way to finance your education in U.K, Australia, Canada and United States of America. Loans are very flexible, and can offer loans high enough to finish your entire education program, but, with extended repayment terms and reasonable interest rates involved, you can afford the repayment of the loan when you graduate. Co-Signers All international students applying for loans must have a co-signer from that country you’re applying the loan before you are allowed to apply. A co-signer is legally obligated to pay back the loansShow MoreRelatedThe Program For International Student Assessment825 Words   |  4 Pages The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) report provides reliable data for policy makers and school leaders to use in the decision making process. Rather than focusing on specific curricular outcomes, the assessment targets application of knowledge within real world contexts. PISA is designed to provide estimates of student performance across large populations, and the results are therefore reliable for large-scale educational planning (Lemke et al., 2004). The international benchmarksRead MoreThe Program For International Student Assessment1685 Words   |  7 PagesThe H.R. 1020 offers a solution to promote these skills into the working class field, inclusively the educators who will teach the generation of tomorrow. The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is prime evidence that we need STEM education to widen across the nation. It is an international assessment that measures students reading, mathematics, and science literacy skills and is taken eve ry three years. Sadly, results seem to be plummeting, for example in 2009 the U.S. ranked 24Read MoreThe Program For International Student Assessment1193 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2009 the PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) report which test the performance of 15 year olds in science, math and reading came out. In that report, the United States ranked 31st in math, 23rd in science and 17th in reading. President Obama thought that the report was a call to action. This was a Sputnik 2 situation—like Sputnik 1 in the late 1950s to early 60s, when President Kennedy galvanized the nation into action to improve its science and technology education, PresidentRead MoreThe Program For International Student Assessment Essay2221 Words   |  9 Pagesincarceration rates, or number of plastic surgeons (Mark, 2015). Concurrently, there are a few shocking statistics we don’t like to talk about. When it comes to our education system, we have fallen below the inter national average and our education system is in crisis. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) determines how countries rank in education using three subjects: reading, science, and math. Side by side, the United States ranks 29th out of 76 countries in the subjects of Math andRead MoreThe Program For International Student Assessment Essay1091 Words   |  5 Pagesagainst other countries in educational performance. In 2012 more than half a million 15 year olds around the world took a test called the â€Å"Programme for International Student Assessment† (PISA) which is a test that is given every three years and focuses on Math, Science, and Reading. Now although this test isn’t given to every single in student in America and doesn’t range in age, it covers the majority of 15 year old’s across America and their abilities in said subjects. The United States rankedRead MoreBeing An International Student Program1218 Words   |  5 Pagesonly class for which I gave thought for â€Å"should I go for it in this semester or in next semester†. As being an international student coming directly from India with an undergraduate degree and no work experience made me nervous in starting of the class. But as the class progressed through weeks, I was becoming more confident and the zeal to learn new things kept me going. I was science student back in India with major in Biotechnology, but came here for Master’s in Management as I was always inclinedRead MoreEssam Mukhtar. Prof Heather S.. Eng 1250. 24 April 2017.1620 Words   |  7 PagesEssam Mukhtar Prof Heather S. ENG 1250 24 April 2017 Benefits of International Students in the USA Introduction The United States accommodates the largest pool of international students globally, with over one million students choosing to extend their education and life experience in the US. The number has grown since the 1950s and continues to grow due to the quality of teaching offered and the multi-cultured environment that allows for wholesome growth and unforgettable life experience. AdditionallyRead MoreSocial Network Research Proposal769 Words   |  4 PagesStrengthening Social Support for New International Students of Ohio University Background International students need social support because they will face at least two challenges in the new academic settings. First, the adaptation to the new environment because of different geographic location, climate and also different culture. Second, adaptation to new educational system that may differ with home country system with different academic demand. Moreover, International students will also challenged by beingRead MoreInternational Students And Higher Education958 Words   |  4 PagesInternational Students is rising in the U.S. It is obvious that due the declining education funding and drooping domestic student enrollment have forced many U.S. colleges and universities to adopt new revenue strategies and attracting international students seems a reasonable solution. This strategy aims to bring more revenue to the institutions as well a more diverse environment through a greater diversity of languages, cultures, and perspective in the classroom. According to Global Student MobilityRead MoreInternational Students And The International Student951 Words   |  4 Pagesyou ever thought been an international student? If not you need to be well prepared to know about their issues and problems during their study life. International students who are seeking for the best education have specific needs and services. Every international institution or university must be aware of the international students requirements such as information about the city, the housing and the fees. There are many authenticated surveys have shown that the major student enrollment to the united

Key Elements in Sinclair Lewis, Babbitt Essay - 1078 Words

Sinclair Lewis, the author of Babbitt, devised several key literary elements to explain his full effect and purpose for writing his novel. Babbitt is a satirist look, at not only one man, but an entire society as well. He exposes the hypocrisy and mechanization of American society in the 1920’s. In the story Lewis focuses on his main character George Babbitt, the protagonist throughout much of the book, who is a business with lofty aims and a desire to climb the ladder of the social class. To fully achieve his opinions and beliefs, Lewis used literary effects of irony and theme. The novel begins in the 1920’s, a decade that had started in economic boom and avid consumerism, only to end crash and depression. This was a parallel used by†¦show more content†¦By these terms George Babbitt, and many of this acquaintances are quite the bigots toward all of those who appear different than he is, especially immigrants and minorities in America. The blame should not be placed squarely on these men,s shoulders for processing such hate filled beliefs, but their own opinion of the matter is generated through the generations, that immigrants and minorities are far less superior than the â€Å"native† white men who have â€Å"always: lived in America. The irony of this subject in the book is that although men of Babbitt’s stature openly shared and joked with one another about their superiority to all other races, not one would ever admit that he was even by a small degree a bigot. Buying only the very best material items and throwing dinner parties are only a few of the ways Babbitt tried to accomplish a more noteworthy place in society and impress his peers. He is more concerned about these items than about his wife and children and to him, â€Å"God was Modern Appliances† (Lewis pg 114). However, at the end of the story, the irony is no more evident when Babbitt admits to his son that he has wasted life. He confides in his Ted t hat he has ruined his whole life shooting for goals which, in Babbitts lifetime, are realistically unattainable. He tells Ted that hopefully, the new generation (Ted’s generation), can recover from Babbitt’s ill fated dreams, and lead their own lives the wayShow MoreRelatedANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesand depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model† for a piece of critical appreciation. Nevertheless, one can give information and suggestions that may prove helpful. PLOT The Elements of Plot When we refer to the plot of a work of fiction, then, we are referring to the deliberately arranged sequence of interrelated events that constitute the basic narrative structure of a novel or a short story. Events of any kind, of course,Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesshaped by ideas and concepts. The authors have brought their wealth of experience and understanding and provided the field with an imaginative resource to address the dynamics between theory and practice. Dr Susanne Tietze, Bradford University, UK The key to success for managers is not only to be result oriented but also to be wise in their decision making. This requires that they have a deeper than superficial understanding of management and organization issues. McAuley et al. helps student and managers

Learning Objectives 1. Explain the Motives for Holding...

LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Explain the motives for holding money and relate them to the interest rate that could be earned from holding alternative assets, such as bonds. 2. Draw a money demand curve and explain how changes in other variables may lead to shifts in the money demand curve. 3. Illustrate and explain the notion of equilibrium in the money market. 4. Use graphs to explain how changes in money demand or money supply are related to changes in the bond market, in interest rates, in aggregate demand, and in real GDP and the price level. In this section we will explore the link between money markets, bond markets, and interest rates. We first look at the demand for money. The demand curve for money is derived like any other†¦show more content†¦Selling a bond means converting it to money. Keynes referred to the speculative demand for money as the money held in response to concern that bond prices and the prices of other financial assets might change. Of course, money is money. One cannot sort through someone’s checking account and locate which funds are held for transactions and which funds are there because the owner of the account is worried about a drop in bond prices or is taking a precaution. We distinguish money held for different motives in order to understand how the quantity of money demanded will be affected by a key determinant of the demand for money: the interest rate. Interest Rates and the Demand for Money The quantity of money people hold to pay for transactions and to satisfy precautionary and speculative demand is likely to vary with the interest rates they can earn from alternative assets such as bonds. When interest rates rise relative to the rates that can be earned on money deposits, people hold less money. When interest rates fall, people hold more money. The logic of these conclusions about the money people hold and interest rates depends on the people’s motives for holding money. The quantity of money households want to hold varies according to their income and the interest rate; differentShow MoreRelatedDamodaran Book on Investment Valuation, 2nd Edition398423 Words   |  1594 Pagesmanuscript. If you find any mistakes - mathematical or grammatical - could you please let me know? It would help me ensure that the typos do not find their way into the final version. Chapter 1: Introduction to Valuation Chapter 2: Approaches to Valuation Chapter 3: Understanding Financial Statements Chapter 4: The Basics of Risk Chapter 5: Option Pricing Theory and Models Chapter 6: Market Efficiency: Theory and Models Chapter 7: Riskless Rates and Risk Premiums Chapter 8: Estimating Risk Parameters andRead MoreCorporate Finance69408 Words   |  278 PagesLecturer, The London School of Economics and Political Science This is one of a series of subject guides published by the University. We regret that due to pressure of work the authors are unable to enter into any correspon dence relating to, or arising from, the guide. If you have any comments on this subject guide, favourable or unfavourable, please use the form at the back of this guide. University of London International Programmes Publication Office Stewart House 32 Russell Square London WC1B 5DNRead MoreMarketing Management130471 Words   |  522 PagesDBA 1652 Marketing Management UNIT -- I Unit No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Unit Title Marketing management – an introduction Marketing environment Marketing with other functional areas of management Market segmentation Market targeting and positioning Product management Brand management Pricing Channel design and management Retailing and Wholesaling Integrated Marketing Communication Advertising management Sales promotion Personal selling PublicRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesthe publisher Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone: ( 44) 1865 843830, fax: ( 44) 1865 853333, e-mail: permissions@elsevier.co.uk. You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’ British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record f or this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress CataloguingRead MoreMarketing Management 14th Edition Test Bank Kotler Test Bank173911 Words   |  696 PagesMarketing Management, 14e (Kotler/Keller) Chapter 1 Defining Marketing for the 21st Century 1) Which of the following statements about marketing is true? A) It is of little importance when products are standardized. B) It can help create jobs in the economy by increasing demand for goods and services. C) It helps to build a loyal customer base but has no impact on a firms intangible assets. D) It is more important for bigger organizations than smaller ones. E) It is seldom used by nonprofitRead MoreGeneral Electric60506 Words   |  243 PagesChapter 1 explores the concepts surrounding organizational strategy. It begins with an explanation of the term strategy and offers a basis for how to identify a company’s particular strategy. Next, it explores the importance of striving for competitive advantage in the marketplace and examines the role strategy plays in achieving this advantage. The chapter then explores the idea that strategy is partly proactive and partly reactive. Next, a discussion on strategy and ethics is given. This is followedRead MoreMr Zhang42340 Words   |  170 PagesThe Lakeside Company: Auditing Cases SOLUTIONS MANUAL 11e Table of Contents John M. Trussel and J. Douglas Frazer A Not on Ethics, Fraud and Sox Questions 2 A Note on Research Assignments 4 Introductory Case 6 Case 1 13 Case 2 21 Case 3 29 Case 4 39 Case 5 51 Case 6 67 Case 7 74 Case 8 83 Case 9 92 Case 10Read MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesThis online teaching and learning environment integrates the entire digital textbook with the most effective instructor and student resources With WileyPLUS: Students achieve concept mastery in a rich, structured environment that’s available 24/7 Instructors personalize and manage their course more effectively with assessment, assignments, grade tracking, and more manage time better study smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visualRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 Pagesstart every chapter with learning objectives. The most important thing you will get out of this course are the basic skills required to succeed in today’s environment which are, you must be able to communicate, think creatively, plan effectively and deal with people. Copyright  © Virtual University of Pakistan 1 Human Resource Management (MGT501) INTRODUCTION TO HRM After studying this chapter, students should be able to understand the following: Describe HRM? Explain why are we concerned aboutRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement Contents Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum †¢ The Power of Management Capital 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy 1 1 Text Jones−George †¢ Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The Evolution of Management Thought Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy †¢ Leadership, Fifth Edition I. Leadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective

Bias in Epidemiological Research Free Essays

Epidemiology is the study of the factors associated with different types of diseases for example, how often does the disease occur, how is the disease transmitted, ways in which the disease can be prevented. There are two main types of epidemiology: descriptive epidemiology and analytical epidemiology. Descriptive epidemiology is concerned with the frequency and distribution of risk factors in a population and it makes it possible for one to assess the way the disease has spread. We will write a custom essay sample on Bias in Epidemiological Research or any similar topic only for you Order Now Analytical epidemiology aims to study the causes and risks involved with the disease and the preventive measures. This is according to Pinchinat, S, Ponton Sanchez (2006) Observation epidemiological studies In this case the epidemiologist does not carry out any actual experiment or in other words does not take part in any active role in the research. The epidemiologist simply makes observations on what is happening based on an already existing situation without administering any treatments for example if one wanted to compare the exposure of PCBs exposure to occurrence of cancer over a 20 year period, he would not be required to give any form of treatment only to observe the available case available according to epidemiology home page. Experimental epidemiological studies In contrast to observational studies here the epidemiologist will be required to do the actual experiments or play an active role by administering the treatment to subjects and then observing the effects of the treatment. For example an epidemiologist can perform a clinical trial of a new drug on willing subjects and then observe the changes in subjects based on epidemiology home page. There are different types of biases associated with epidemiological research. According to Eric’s Notebook, bias arises when an estimated value deviates from the original or true value. The case studies given in the assignment are going to provide a basis for the discussion of various types of biases and the effects of the biases on the measures of association. Based on CES-Research-bias confounding, different types of biases will be discussed. Case 1 This case might show both selection and measurement biases. Selection because the epidemiologist might select the children non-randomly in which case the results could be overestimated or underestimated in that if he over picked children who are not exposed to the chemical then his or her result will be underestimated and vice versa. The results will show a bias in measurement if the epidemiologist measures the outcome inaccurately in which case the results will either be over or underestimated. Case 2 This case could show measurement and analytical biases. Analytical bias is evidenced when patients give false information for example about having less sexual partners. This would lead to over or underestimation of the results. Measurement bias would occur if the epidemiologist collected the wrong data from the studies. This also would lead to over or underestimation of the results. Case 3 This case will show two kinds of biases; measurement bias because the epidemiologist may collect inaccurate data and analytical bias because of not following up the outcome. All this would lead to either under or overestimation of data. Case 4 Measurement and analytical biases could occur in this case. Incase of analytical bias the results could remain unchanged or underestimated and in case of measurement bias it could either be under or overestimated. Word count: 551 References Aschengran, A, Seage, G. R, (2008). Essentials of epidemiology in public health, (2nd Ed. ). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett. CEM-Research- Bias confounding is a site that provides essential information on research bias on epidemiology. file:///c:/biasconfound. html Checkoway, H, Pearce, N, Kriebel, D. (2004) Research methods in occupational epidemiology. Epidemiology Home Page is a website that gives an introduction to epidemiology File:///c:/epi1. html. Ibrahim, A. M. (2001) Eric Notebook: Selection Bias. Department of veterans’ affairs, epidemiologic research, and information center at Durham, NC. http://eric. unc. edu/notebooks/issue8/eric_notebook_8. pdf Pinchinat, S, Ponton-Sanchez, A, (2006): Analytic and descriptive epidemiology. Biostatem SARL. File:///c:/epidemiology. htm Study Types in Epidemiology http://www. nwcphp. org/training/courses-exercise/courses/study-types-in-epi How to cite Bias in Epidemiological Research, Essays

Electronic Banking Essay Example For Students

Electronic Banking Essay The Electronic Banking Association (EBA) is a non-profit organizationestablished to do one simple thing-help more people get started with electronicbanking. Heres why. Who taught you how to write paper checks? Probably yourparents right? Well, whos going to teach you how to write electronic checks?Probably NOT your parents. Thats where they come in. E-banking is so much moreconvenient and so much quicker that everyone should know about it. The EBA wasestablished as an independent source of helpful information about electronicbanking for consumers and businesses. Financial institutions, merchants, andother financial service firms actually provide financial e-commerce services,but the Electronic Banking Association (EBA) monitors progress in the financiale-commerce industry and provides information that will enable users of thoseservices to become better informed and to locate providers of the services theyseek. Everyone hates paying bills. Its time-consuming, frustrating, and youhave to lick that awful envelope glue. But not with e-banking. Youll spend lesstime paying bills, and more time doing fun stuff. Here are some advantages toe-banking: No more paper checks. Your computer remembers who you write checksto. You simply enter an amount then point-and-click. Youll never run out ofchecks again. No more hassles. You can schedule your payments in advance, sotheyll get paid while youre on vacation or away on business. Electronicpayments are processed quickly, in as little as 24 hours to 5 days (unlike apaper check sent in the mail, which takes an average of 10 days to post). Nomore envelopes to lick. No envelope glue. No paper cuts on your tongue. And youcan stop writing your return address again, and again, and again. No morewriters cramp. It takes forever to write checks and addresses every month. E-banking cuts that time to practically nothing. No more stamps. Withe-banking, theres no postage and your bills are processed quickly wheneveryou want them paid. You can pay your bills online, so it only makes sense toreceive them that way, too. This is called Electronic BillPresentment, and more and more businesses are going to offer it. No morelost bills. Your dog cant eat electronic bills. Your kids cant misplace them. And you cant lose them under a stack of catalogs. Pay bills when you want to. Not when the post office decides to deliver them. Click to see it. Click to payit. Your bills appear right on your computer screen and look much like theprinted bills you are used to getting. But the difference is you can pay themwith just the click of a mouse. Better record keeping. All your billing andpayment information is kept in one convenient location, not in messy cardboardboxes or goodness only knows where else. You can pay your bills online, so itonly makes sense to receive them that way, too. This is called ElectronicBill Presentment, and more and more businesses are going to offer it. Inaddition to paying bills online, you can get current information any time youwant it. So you can get up-to-date account balances, transfer funds, obtaininformation about check clearing; all sorts of things. You can import thisinformation directly into todays popular financial management programs such asQuicken without having to re-enter it. You buy things all the time with creditcards, rig ht? Well then, those are electronic transactions just like these. Todays latest Web browsers have sophisticated encryption thats very secure. .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .postImageUrl , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:hover , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:visited , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:active { border:0!important; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:active , .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981 .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u86f05970f7473acb7754eb9dd730b981:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evolution of Forensic Psychology 300 level undergr EssayWhats more, electronic checks are safer than having paper checks lying aroundwhere anyone can obtain and misuse your account information. Experts predict itwould take a hacker over 2,000 years to crack 56-bit encryption. Yet manyfinancial institutions today require a browser that supports 128-bit encryption,which would take about 12,710,204,652,610,000,000,000,000 years to crack. Nowthats secure. (Source: Byte Magazine) When youre ready to open an e-bankingaccount, you can receive more information on security, as well as a recentbrowser that supports 128-bit encryption, through your financial institution orat the Nets cape and Microsoft Web sites. In the time it takes you to pay yourbills the old-fashioned way, you can be up and running with e-banking. Best ofall, once you enter who you pay bills to, youll never have to re-enter thatinformation. Your financial institution may offer e-banking via the Web or apersonal financial manager or both. Web-based e-banking is generally easier andquicker to set up. All youll need is a recent browser that supports U.S. encryption. To use your financial institutions personal finance manager, youllneed the software from that institution. How to set up an online account (Youllneed a checking account established with the financial institution first.): 1. Have important information handy (account numbers, drivers license, socialsecurity number, credit card numbers, employer contact info, previous address). 2. Go to your financial institutions web site. 3. Click to the e-banking pageof the site. 4. Fill out and submit the online e-banking enrollment form. 5. Within a few days your financial institution will send you a e-banking start-uppackage that will contain a user ID, password and web site address withinstructions on how to begin e-banking. Thats all there is to it! Youll beamazed how convenient e-banking is. Try it once, and youll never go back. Computers

Marketing Principles A Case Study of Coles

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Principlesfor aCase Study of Coles. Answer: Introduction As explained by Deloitte (2012), the promotional mix is one P of the four Ps of marketing mix and it can be evaluated as a combination of sales promotion, advertising, personal selling, and publicity of the products and services of the organization. The following report would argumentatively analyze the two elements of promotional mix namely advertising and sales promotion for the retail store of Coles. Some suggestions for the further improvement of the strategies used for the advertising and sales promotion of Coles has been highlighted in this report. Selection of Retail Outlet: Coles Coles is an Australian supermarket that had been providing excellent services and products to its customers since April, 1914 (Coles.com.au 2017). The outstanding services to the customers and value benefits to the millions of people of Australia has made the organization to grow in its long term commitment for developing sustainable future and development for their operations. The organization has been providing quality, value and services to its customers. The company has developed and grown with the help of rise of technology and their commitment for providing best of services. Selection and Analysis of Two Promotional Mix (Advertising and Sales Promotion) The advertisement and sales promotion are two elements of the promotional mix that can be used for promoting the operations of the Coles supermarket in Australian continent (Ward 2014). These two elements have been defined below, Advertising: Advertising is the most prominent and effective promotional strategy to attract customers. The advertising consists of the strategy for reaching huge numbers of people with the help of mass communication means to promote their services and products (Muralidharan and Xue 2015). The benefits of advertisement strategies include the encouragement of mass production of goods, mass notification to all the customers and people is possible, and economical means for promoting their products and services. Figure 1: Various types of Advertisements (Source: Muralidharan and Xue 2015, pp-226) Sales Promotion: The sale promotion is helpful for providing various offers, discounts and other attractions to the customers for making them utilize the services of the organization (Santini et al. 2015). The sales promotional offer is validate only with the sale of the goods to the customers. There are several types of sales promotion strategies that are been used by the retail outlets such as coupons, gift cards, vouchers, loyalty cards, etc. The use of these types of strategies allows the organization in making customer more happy and satisfied. Figure 2: Various types of Sales promotion (Source: Santini et al. 2015, pp-188) Discussion on Selected Promotional Mix at Coles The marketing strategies of Coles include the print and media methods for advertising and year round lower prices of commodities for their operations (Nenycz-Thiel 2012). It had been helpful for making people attracted to the visit and shop at Coles. Advertising Promotional Strategy Analysis of Coles According to Deloitte (2012), the advertising promotional strategy of Coles includes the use of Print and Media technology. Coles has been using the various magazines, newspaper and banners for advertising their supermarkets. Various places of Australia have been decorated with the holdings and road side banners of Coles. The flyers of the supermarket allow advertising the supermarket to the normal passerby people (Dwivedi 2012). The newspaper and magazines also serve the purpose of advertisement of Coles. Probable Drawbacks: The influence of digital media like Television, Online Websites, and various Social Medias has made the impact of Print and Media for advertisement very low. Most of the people nowadays prefer to look online for any commodity or services. Sales Promotional Strategy Analysis of Coles The sales promotional strategy of Coles includes the implementation of low prices of products and commodities (Hattersley 2013). The lower prices of the products and commodities from the local market have been helpful for attracting more customers for buying and shopping from Coles. The organization has been providing best quality of products at the most optimized prices to its customers all the year round. Probable Drawbacks: However, in the present scenario the lower prices of products have not been helpful for making any increase in the sales of Coles (Santini et al. 2015). The competitors of Coles have been using seasonal sales and various discounts and offers for gaining competitive advantage over Coles. Recommendations The development of technology has made it evitable for using technology for the advertisement and sales promotions of Coles. Some recommendations for improving the advertisement and sales promotion of Coles have been provided below, Use of Digital Media for Advertisement Social media and Web based platform: The various social media platforms like Facebook, Pinterest, and Twitter and online ads on different websites (like Google, Yahoo, etc.) can be used for promoting the supermarket products among general people. Television and Covert advertisements: The broadcast advertising of Coles by using Televisions commercial ads would also help in improving the advertising promotions of Coles. Covert advertisement is the latest trend of advertising any product in which the ad of the product would be displayed in movie theatres before the initial credits of the movies. Providing Various Offers for Sales Promotion Offers and discounts: The various offers and discounts on products and services at Coles would also tend to attract people for shopping from the supermarket. Seasonal Sales: The festival and seasonal sales at Coles would also help in attracting more number of customers for shopping at the shop. Gift Vouchers and Loyalty cards: The inclusion of gift vouchers and loyalty cards for the regular customers would also help in diverting larger crowd of customers at Coles. Conclusion It can be concluded from the report that the use of promotional mix would help in providing increased number of customers and improved operations at Coles. The organization had been using print and media for advertisement and low price strategy for sales promotion. However, the report had shown that the use of digital media and provision of various offers and discounts would serve the purpose of improved strategies for advertisement and sales promotion. References Coles.com.au, 2017.About Coles. [online] www.coles.com.au. Available at: https://www.coles.com.au/about-coles [Accessed 17 Feb. 2017]. Deloitte, 2012. Analysis of the Grocery industry; Cole Supermarkets Australia, Sydney, Australia: Deloitte Access Economics Pty Ltd. Dwivedi, A. M. 2012. Brand, value and relationship equities and loyalty-intentions in the Australian supermarket industry..Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services.,19(5), pp. 526-536. Hattersley, L. 2013. Supermarket power, own-labels, and manufacturer counter-strategies: international relations of cooperation and competition in the fruit canning industry. Agriculture and Human Values, pp. 1-9. Muralidharan, S. and Xue, F., 2015. Influence of TV endorser types on advertising attitudes and purchase intention among Indian rural women: an exploratory study.Asian Journal of Communication,25(2), pp.213-231. Nenycz-Thiel, M. 2012. Value-for-money perceptions of supermarket and private labels.. Australasian Marketing Journal (AMJ), 20(2), pp. 171-177. Santini, F.D.O., Sampaio, C.H., Perin, M.G., Espartel, L.B. and Ladeira, W.J., 2015. Moderating effects of sales promotion types.BAR-Brazilian Administration Review,12(2), pp.169-189. Ward, M., 2014. Coles focuses on everyday lower prices in new campaign. [online] Available at: https://mumbrella.com.au/coles-focuses-261305 [Accessed 17 Feb. 2017].